Proteinuria (>3g/24h), odema and hypoalbuminaemia (albumin <25g/L) is the classical triad of signs for which of the following conditions?

A) Nephritic syndrome
B) Urinary tract infection
C) Acute renal failure
D) Nephrotic syndrome
E) Over use of potassium-sparing diuretics




The answer is D. UTI will show up with nitrites or leukocytes in the urine. Acute renal failure will present with a reduction in urine production [urine volume under 400ml/24hr] and an abrupt and sustained rise in serum urea and creatinine. Nephritic syndrome presents with haematuria with red blood cell casts [potentially dysmorphic red blood cells], proteinuria, increased BP and progressive renal impairment and reduction in urine output.